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cmake创建Qt工程

Qt 2026/01/13

CMakeLists.txt 文件

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# CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5...3.16)

project(myApp VERSION 1.0 LANGUAGES CXX)


set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)

set(CMAKE_AUTOUIC ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTORCC ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC  ON)
set(CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)  # 自动包含当前目录



find_package(QT NAMES Qt5 Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Widgets)
find_package(Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}  REQUIRED COMPONENTS Widgets)

# 源文件
set(SOURCES
        main.cpp
        mainwindow.cpp
)

set(HEADERS
    mainwindow.h
)

set(FORMS
    mainwindow.ui
)

set(RESOURCES
    resources.qrc
    # 其他资源文件
)

##全局 添加 include 路径
# include_directories(
#     "path/to/include"
#     "another/path/to/include"
# )
## 设置变量（可选）
#set(OPENCV_INCLUDE_DIR "D:/opencv/build/include")
## 为特定目标添加包含路径
#target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${OPENCV_INCLUDE_DIR})

##全局添加 lib 路径
#link_directories("path/to/lib")
## 设置变量（可选）
#set(OPENCV_LIB_DIR "D:/opencv/build/x64/vc14/lib")
## 为特定目标添加链接路径
#target_link_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${OPENCV_LIB_DIR})

# 生成可执行文件
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SOURCES} ${HEADERS} ${FORMS} ${RESOURCES})

# 链接 Qt 库
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::Widgets)


#cmake -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-I/D:/opencv/build/include" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-I/D:/opencv/build/include -L/D:/opencv/build/x64/vc14/lib" ..

源文件 main.cpp

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#include <QApplication>
#include <QWidget>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);

    // Create a new instance of the main window
    QWidget w;

    // Show the main window
    w.show();

    // Run the application's event loop
    return a.exec();
}

CMake 编译

这里是重点,要使用 Qt 的qtenv2.bat设置环境变量, 不然就要弄一堆 -DQt5_DIR=xxx -DQt6_DIR=xxx 之类的参数,很麻烦.

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cmake -S . -B build -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="E:/programes/Qt/QtLegacy/5.7/mingw53_32" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="E:/programes/Qt/QtLegacy/Tools/mingw530_32/bin/gcc.exe" -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="E:/programes/Qt/QtLegacy/Tools/mingw530_32/bin/g++.exe"
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cmake -S . -B build  -A win32 -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="E:/programes/Qt/Qt/5.15.2/msvc2019"
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C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe /A /Q /K E:\programes\Qt\Qt\6.10.1\mingw_64\bin\qtenv2.bat
cmake -S . -B build/release -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
cmake --build build/release

真实案例

  • 顶级目录 CMakeLists.txt
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cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)

project(windLaserRadarReplica VERSION 1.0 LANGUAGES CXX)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED True)

# MSVC UTF-8 设置提前到最前面
if(MSVC)
    add_compile_options(/utf-8)
endif()

###########################################################################################
option(USE_DYNAMIC_WLP1 "使用动态加载WLP1LIB（设为OFF则使用静态链接）" ON)



# 设置自动处理 Qt 元对象系统
set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTOUIC ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTORCC ON)
set(CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)

# 统一查找 Qt 包（只在父目录查找一次，提高效率）
find_package(QT NAMES Qt5 Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Widgets SerialPort Network Charts)
find_package(Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR} REQUIRED COMPONENTS Widgets SerialPort Network Charts)






# 获取编译器类型
if(MSVC)
    set(COMPILER_TYPE "msvc")
elseif(MINGW)
    set(COMPILER_TYPE "mingw")
else()
    set(COMPILER_TYPE "other")
endif()

# 设置输出目录
# set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/../bin)
# 判断是顶层项目还是子项目
if(PROJECT_IS_TOP_LEVEL)
    # 顶层项目：构建到上级目录
    set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
        ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/../bin_qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}${QT_VERSION_MINOR}_${COMPILER_TYPE})
else()
    # 子项目：构建到构建目录内
    set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
        ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin_qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}${QT_VERSION_MINOR}_${COMPILER_TYPE})
endif()




if(USE_DYNAMIC_WLP1)
    add_compile_definitions(USE_DYNAMIC_WLP1)
endif()

# 设置全局包含路径
include_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR})


# 包含子目录
add_subdirectory(thirdparty/serialdev)
add_subdirectory(thirdparty/startup)
add_subdirectory(thirdparty/wplradar)
add_subdirectory(thirdparty/breakpad)


set(HEADERS
    mainwidget.h
    maincontroler.h
    singleapplication.h
    settingdialog.h
    globalpara.h
    globalsettings.h
    workflowcontroler.h
    windchartwidget.h
)

set(SOURCES
    main.cpp
    singleapplication.cpp
    mainwidget.cpp
    maincontroler.cpp
    settingdialog.cpp
    globalpara.cpp
    globalsettings.cpp
    workflowcontroler.cpp
    windchartwidget.cpp
)

set(FORMS
  mainwidget.ui
  settingdialog.ui
)

set(RESS
    res.qrc
)

# 关键修改：使用 WIN32 标志创建窗口应用程序
if(WIN32)
    add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} WIN32
        ${HEADERS}
        ${SOURCES}
        ${FORMS}
        ${RESS}
    )
else()
    add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME}
        ${HEADERS}
        ${SOURCES}
        ${FORMS}
        ${RESS}
    )
endif()

# 链接库
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
    SerialDev
    AutoStartUp
    WlpRadar
    Breakpad
    Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::Widgets
    Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::SerialPort
    Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::Network
    Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::Charts
)

# 根据平台添加特定文件
if(WIN32)
    target_sources(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
        res/main.rc
    )
endif()

# 复制DLL文件
set(WLP1_DLL_PATH "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/thirdparty/wplradar/libs/WLP1LIB.dll")

if(EXISTS ${WLP1_DLL_PATH})
    message(STATUS "配置WLP1LIB.dll复制: ${WLP1_DLL_PATH}")
    add_custom_command(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME} POST_BUILD
        COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_if_different
        "${WLP1_DLL_PATH}"
        "$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:${PROJECT_NAME}>/WLP1LIB.dll"
        COMMENT "复制WLP1LIB.dll到可执行目录"
    )
else()
    message(WARNING "WLP1LIB.dll未找到: ${WLP1_DLL_PATH}")
endif()


# if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Release" OR CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "RelWithDebInfo")
#     # 在Release模式中仍然包含调试信息
#     if(MSVC)
#         # MSVC的调试信息选项
#         add_compile_options($<$<CONFIG:Release>:/Zi>)
#         add_compile_options($<$<CONFIG:RelWithDebInfo>:/Zi>)
#     else()
#         # GCC/Clang的调试信息选项
#         add_compile_options($<$<CONFIG:Release>:-g>)
#         add_compile_options($<$<CONFIG:RelWithDebInfo>:-g>)
#     endif()
# endif()

  • 子目录serialdev/CMakeLists.txt
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# 创建库目标（关键修复：必须先定义目标才能链接）

set(SERIAL_TARGET_NAME SerialDev)



set(HEADERS
    datetimesetter.h
    gnssdata.h
    serialbase.h
    serialgpsinfo.h
    serialnanjinlaser.h
    serialsensorreader.h
    serialcompassreader.h
)



set(SOURCES
    serialbase.cpp
    serialgpsinfo.cpp
    serialnanjinlaser.cpp
    datetimesetter.cpp
    serialsensorreader.cpp
    serialcompassreader.cpp
)

add_library(${SERIAL_TARGET_NAME} STATIC
    ${SOURCES}
    ${HEADERS}
)



find_package(QT NAMES Qt5 Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS  SerialPort)
find_package(Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR} REQUIRED COMPONENTS  SerialPort)


# 为目标设置属性
target_include_directories(${SERIAL_TARGET_NAME} PUBLIC
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}>
    $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>

)

# 链接 Qt SerialPort
target_link_libraries(${SERIAL_TARGET_NAME} PUBLIC
    Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::SerialPort
)

# 如果 serialbase 需要 MOC 处理（有 Q_OBJECT 宏），确保继承父目录设置
set_target_properties(${SERIAL_TARGET_NAME} PROPERTIES
    AUTOMOC ON
)

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